Improvement in looms



lllNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE JOSEPH VELSH, OF PHILADELPHIA,PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT IN LOOIVIS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 56,4741, dated July 17,1366.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOSEPH WELSH, of the city of Philadelphia, in theState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful lmprovementinLooms, and l do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, andexact description of the construction and operation of the saine,reference being had to the accompan yin g drawings, making a part ofthis specification, in which- Figure 1 is a front View, and Figs. 2 and3 side views, of my said improvement as applied to a loom.

Like letters and numbers of reference indicate the same parts when inthe diiferenttigures.

The object of my improvement in looms is to afford a more simple andreadily-adjustable device, whereby the attendant can at any time, in afew seconds, change the operation of a loom weaving plain Vcloth so thatit will produce either plain or covered fabric alternately, as the saidattendant may desire.

The nature of my invention consists, substantially as hereinafterdescribed, in connecting the lower sides of two of the heddle-frames bymeans of a cord or strap passing under a pulley below them, and the twoupper sides of the same heddle-frames by means of two cords or straps,with hooks attached, passing over and fixed to the usual top rollerabove them, in addition to the usual connectingcords, whereby therequisite changes, hereinafter described, can be readily and morequickly produced.

In the drawings, l 2 3 et are the heddleframes; A B, the two cords orstraps on the top roller, C, with their respective hooks a b', attachedto the upper sides of the heddleframes 2 and 3. (See Figs. 2 and 3.)

D is the strap or cord passing under the pulley E, and connecting thelower sides of the heddle-frames 2 and 3 together.

F and G are the treadles, and j" g the cords or straps which connect thesaid treadles with their respective heddle-frames l and L above, whichlatter are suspended from the top roller, C, by the fixed cords h h; andi t' are cords which are attached over the roller G', and thus suspendtherefrom the heddle-frames 2 and 3, as heretofore.

It will be seen that heddle l is attached to treadle F and heddle 4L totreadle G, and that heddles 2 and 3 have no connection with them, as washeretofore the case, but receive their motions only from the roller C onthe top of the loom, by means of the two cords or straps A B on the saidroller and the connecting cord or strap D, which passes under the pulleyE.

The hooks a! b on the cords A B serve the purpose of connecting the saidcords to the heddles 2 and 3, by means of the appropriate staples in thelatter, so that when the said hooks are connected to the heddles, asshown in the drawings-t'. e., hook a to heddle 2 and hook b to heddle3-the loom will weave covered fabric, because heddles l and 2 will riseand fall together or simultaneously, and heddles 3 and 4 together,inlike manner; and when the said hooks are connected to the heddles, asshown in Fig. 3-t`. c., hook a to heddle 3 and hook bto heddle 2-theloom will produce common plain cloth, because heddles l and 3 will riseand fall together or simultaneously, and heddles 2 and 4 together, inlike manner. Hence it will be seen that the capabilities of the loom canbe thus varied by simply detaching and afterward reattaching in adifferent manner, as explained, the two hooks atb, and that this changewill require only two or three seconds of time to make it.

By the old mode of producing these two sorts of fabric in the same loomeach fabric required a particular tie-up,7 causing con- Siderable delayand trouble-so much, indeed, as to render the proceeding impracticable.For instance, suppose the warp-yarn be drawn into the heddles l 2 3 4,it is repeated all through the web, and the loom being a plain one,having two treadles only, as shown in the drawings, by attaching theheddle-frames l and 3 to treadle F, and 2 and et to treadle Gr, the loomwill make the common plain cloth, and if the heddle-frames l and 2 beattached to treadleF and 3 and 4 to treadle G the loom will make thecovered fabric; but it will be readily seen that to change theseattachments without a great deal of trouble and loss of time would beimpossible, because they are nXed attachments to the treadles under theloom and difcult of access.

Letters Patent dated September 5, 1865, were granted to me for a certainimprovement present invention will not costone dollar, and

it can be applied in less time than two hours, and it efteetuallyaccomplishes .the objects of making covered and plain fabrics.

I wish it to be understood that I do notintend to contine myself to theuse ot' the tw0 hooked straps or cords A B for the purposes specified,as it will be obvious that a small spur-wheel iixed on each of therollers (l C', so that the latter can be either connected togetherthereby, or separated and reconnected by an intermediate spur-wheel madeadjustable for the purpose, will be a perfect equivalent i'or the twohooked cords A B, and may be substituted for them in operating their twoheddles; but as the hooked cords or straps are cheaper and more simpleof application, Iprefer them for lthe purpose, as described. Nor do Iintend to confine the attachmentsof the cords D and A B to the two innerheddles, 2 and 3, as it is obvious that the two outer heddies, l and et,may be substituted, and their treadles F and G then attached to heddles2 and 3 to produce the same results; but,

Having fully described my improvement in looms, what I claim as newtherein, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

Giving1 the described dii'erent motions to the heddles ofthe loom, forthe purposes specified, by means of the hooked cords or straps A B onthe roller O, or their equivalents, operating, in combination with thepulley E or its equivalent, substantially as and for the purposesdescribed.

' JOSEPH WELSH.

Witnesses:

BENJ. MoRIsoN, B. F. SHATTUGK.

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